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Lake Qarun, Egypt
Background:
Lake Qarun is an enclosed, saline, inland lake, snuggling forty-five meters below sea level into the lowest, northern section of the Faiyum Depression, Egypt . Cultivation reaches down to its southern and eastern shores where freshwater can be brought from the irrigation system. Entire northern shores is bare desert.
Lake Qarun located about 80-km southwest of Cairo, not very far from the Nile Valley, and some 320-km south of the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. It is centered around 29o 30` N, and 30o 40` E. The average length of the lake from east to west is about 40 km, and the mean breadth is about 6.7 km. The maximum breadth is about 9.15 km. The lake has a surface area of 243.4 square km and a volume of 924 million cubic meter at -42.95 B.S.L.
Publications
Abdel Hady, M.A., I.A.El Kassas and A.S.Ayoub, 1981. Automatic classification of Lake Qarun water by digital processing of Landsat MSS data. Int. Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Cairo, Egypt.
Abdel Malek, S.A., and M.M.Ishak, 1980. Some ecological aspects of Lake Qarun, Fayoum, Egypt. II, Production of plankton and benthic organisms. Hydrobiologia 75, 201-208
Aleem, A.A., 1958 I. A taxonomic and paleoecological investigation of the diatom flora of the extinct Fayoum Lake (Upper Egypt). I. Systematic Part. Bull. Fac. Sci. Alex. Univ. 2(1), 99 - 138.
Al Kholy, A.A. and Abdel Malek, S.A., 1972. Food and feeding habits of some Egyptian fishes in Lake Qarun. Part I, Tilapia zillil (Grev.) A. According to different localities. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. & Fish. Egypt 2, 187 – 201.
Azidian, A. and Hug.G. 1931. Etudes sur la salinite du lac Quarun. Bull. de la Soc. Royale de Geogr. 17, 225 - 250.
Badawi, Sh.B. 2001. Studies on the plankton of Lake Qarun with special reference to the effect of salinity and pollutants. Ph.D. Thesis. Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt 313 p.
Caton Thompson & Gardiner, 1929. Recent work on the problem of Lake Moeris. Geogr. J. Egypt, Cairo 73, 20 - 26.
Edsbagge, H. 1968. Zur Okologie der marinen Angehefteten Diatomeen. Botanica Gothoburgensia VI. Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis 153 pp.
El Belbisy, M.F., 1973. Study on the distribution nutrient salts in Lake Qarun. M.Sc. Thesis Fac. Sci. Alexandria Univ. 123p.
El Gami, N.V., 1972. Geology and minerology of the clay and associated sediments from Lade Qarun, Fayoum. M.Sc. Thesis, Ain Shams Univ. Cairo.
El Maghraby, A.M. and N.M. Dowidar, 1969. The occurrence of marine plankton organisms in Lake Qarun (Egypt). Comission Int. pour l’expl. Scie. de la. Mer Medit., Monaco 19, 849 - 851.
El Wakeel, S.K., 1963. A study of the bottom deposits of Lake Qarun. Egypt Part I mechanical analysis. Bull. Fac. Sci. Alex. Univ. 5, 33 - 60.
El Wakeel S.K., 1964. A study of the bottom deposits of Lake Qarun Egypt. Part II chemical investigations. Bull. Fac. Sci. Alex. Univ. 5, 51 - 80.
Gorgy, S., 1959. The use of energy equation in the calculation of the rate of evaporation from Lake Qarun. Notes & memoirs No. 42. Alexandria Inst. Hydrobiol. Egypt 26 pp.
Lucas, A.1902. A preliminary investigation of the soil and water of the Fayoum Province. Survey Dept. Publish Works Ministry, Egypt 17P.
Lucas, A., 1906. The salinity of Birket El Qarun. Survey notes No.1 pp. 10 - 15.
Mansour,S.A., S.S.Messeha and M.S.M.Sidkey, 2000. Ecotoxicological studies. 1. Qualitative and Quantitative determination of salt composition in Lake Qarun water and its sources. Egypt.J.Aquat.Biol.Fish., 4 (3) 271-303
Mankarous, W.F., 1979. Hydrology of Lake Qaroun. M. Sc. Thesis Fac. Engineering, Cairo. Univ. 252 p.
Meshal, A.H., 1973. Water and salt budget of Lake Qarun Fayoum, Egypt. Ph.D. Thesis, Alexandria University 109 pp.
Naguib M., 1958. Studies on the ecology of Lake Qarun (Fayoum, Egypt) part I. Kiel Meers forach, 14(2), 187 - 222.
Naguib, M., 1961. Studies on the ecology of Lake Qarun (Fayoum, Egypt) Part II. Kiel Meers forach, 17(1), 94 - 131.
Sabae,S.Z. and S.A.Rabeh, 2000. Bacterial Indices of sewage pollution in Lake Qarun, Faiyum, Egypt. Egypt.J.Aquat.Biol.Fish., 4 (3) 103-116.
Van Der Linden, M.I., 1984. Preliminary water and salt Balance of Lake Qarun. FWSS Technical note No. 1 Drainage Research Institute. Ministry of Irrigation, Egypt 58 p.
West, G.S., 1909. The algae of the Birket Qarun Egypt. Journ. of Bot. 47, 237 – 244
Wimpenny, R.S. and Titterington, E., 1936. The tow net plankton of Lake Qarun, Egypt. Notes and Memoirs No. 14, 57p.
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